Noun ေလးေတြေလ႕လာၾကရေအာင္။

                                                                  NUMBER- ကိန္း

Number မွာ ႏွစ္ခုရွိပါသည္။ Singular Number (အနည္းကိန္း) ႏွင့္ Plural Number 

(အမ်ားကိန္း)ဆုိ၍ ႏွစ္မ်ိဳး ရွိပါသည္။

Singular Number (အနည္းကိန္း)                               Plural Number (အမ်ားကိန္း)      

A man                                                                 men   

A boy                                                                  boys

A girll                                                                   girls

A cat                                                                   cats, six dogs

Singular Number -အနည္းကိန္းသုိ့ ေျပာင္းနည္း။

1.    
 s,sh,ch,x, ႏွင့္ဆုံးေသာ consonant(ဗ်ည္း)ေတြရ့ဲ ေနာက္မွာ’o’ တစ္လုံးတည္း ဆုံးေသာ noun ရဲ့ေနာက္မွာ -es ထည့္ေပးလုိက္လွ်င္ Plural  number ျဖစ္သြားပါသည္။

 
Singular(အနည္း)                                                           Plural (အမ်ား)                                                

class                                                                            classes

glass                                                                           glasses

ass                                                                             asses

bush                                                                           bushes

watch                                                                         watches

branch                                                                        branches

bench                                                                         benches

box                                                                             boxes

fox                                                                             foxes

hero                                                                           heros

tomato                                                                       tomatoes

potato                                                                        potatoes

ခြ်င္းခ်က္။ ‘o’ ႏွင့္ဆုံးေသာလည္း ‘o’ ရဲ့ ေရွ့တြင္ Vowel (သရ) ရွိေနရင္ေတာ့ -s သာ ထည့္ေပးရပါသည္။

Singular(အနည္း)                                                           Plural (အမ်ား)                                                

zoo                                                                             zoos

bamboo                                                                      bamboos

studio                                                                         studios         

2.’y’ ႏွင့္ ဆုံးေသာ noun (နာမ္)မ်ားကုိေတာ့ ‘y’ ကုိ ျဖတ္ျပီး  -ies ထည့္ေပးလွ်င္ plural (အမ်ားကိန္း)သုိ့ ေျပာင္းသြားပါသည္။

Singular(အနည္း)                                                           Plural (အမ်ား)   
                                              

lady                                                                            ladies

baby                                                                           babies

fly                                                                               flies

ခြ်င္းခ်က္။noun (နာမ္)သည္ ‘y’ ႏွင့္ ဆုံးေသာလည္း ‘y’ ရဲ့ ေရွ့မွာ vowel(a,e,i,o,u)သရတစ္လုံးလုံး 

ရွိေနလွ်င္ -s သာ ထည့္ေပးရပါသည္။

Singular(အနည္း)                                                           Plural (အမ်ား)   
                                              

boy                                                                             boys

key                                                                             keys

toy                                                                              toys

play(n)ျပဇတ္                                                                plays

3.’f’(သုိ့) ‘fe’ ႏွင့္ ဆုံးေသာ noun(နာမ္)မ်ားတြင္ ‘f’ (သုိ့) ‘fe’ ကုိျဖဳတ္၍ -ves ထည့္ေပးလွ်င္ plural 

(အမ်ားကိန္း)သုိ့ ေျပာင္းသြားပါသည္။

Singular(အနည္း)                                                           Plural (အမ်ား)                                                

leaf                                                                              leaves

wolf                                                                             wolves

wife                                                                             wives

knife                                                                            knives 

ခြ်င္းခ်က္။ တခ်ိဳ့ nouns ေတြသည္ ‘f’ (သုိ့) ‘fe’ ႏွင့္ ဆုံးေသာလည္း - s သာ ထည့္ေပးရပါသည္။

safes(မီးခံေသတၱာ),chiefs(အၾကီးကဲမ်ား),roofs,proofs

အလြတ္က်က္မွတ္ရန္။  

Singular(အနည္း)                                                           Plural (အမ်ား)         

man                                                                            men

woman                                                                        women

child                                                                            children

foot                                                                             feet

tooth                                                                           teeth

louse(ေလာက္ေကာင္)                                                       lice

gooes                                                                          gesse

ox (ႏြားထီး)                                                                   oxen

some,many,much, a lot of ,plenty of,all,any(they are also determiners) + uncountable 

noun အျမဲလုိက္သည္။အတုိ ခ်ဳံးအေနနဲ့( some….,+N)ဟု မွတ္သားပါ။ ဆယ္တန္း cloze 

type ေျဖရာတြင္ grammar နည္းျဖင့္ ေျဖဆုိရာတြင္ အသုံးဝင္သည့္အတြက္ သိထားရမည့္ ျဖစ္သည္။

ဥပမာ-1. I want to drink some--------.စာဗုိဒ္ထဲတြင္ အေျဖေပးထားမည္။မိမိသည္ grammar ပုံစံကုိ 

သိထားသည့္အတြက္ အဲ့ေနာက္မွာ uncountable noun လုိက္ရမယ္ဆုိတာ သိထားရမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

some milk,any milk,much mikl, all milk, a lot of milk, plenty of milk (determiners+ noun)

subject+verb+(indirect object)/(direct object)+place+manner+time+reason+purpose 

ဒါေလးကေတာ့ အဂၤလိပ္စာေၾကာင္းေလးေတြ essay and letter ေရးနုိင္ဖုိ့အတြက္ 

သိထားရမွာျဖစ္ပါတယ္…grammar က်က်ေလး ေရးႏုိင္ဖုိ့အတြက္

အေျခခံ grammar ေလးေတြ သိထားဖုိ့က အလြန္ အေရးၾကီးပါတယ္။ ကုိယ္ေရးခ်င္တဲ့ essay က ဘာ 

tense နဲ့ ေရးမွာ ဆုိတာလဲ သိထားရမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္…အဲ့လုိ့ သိထားမွသာ verb ကုိ tense အခ်ိန္ကာလ 

ကုိ ခြဲျခားသိျမင္နုိင္ျပီ မွန္မွန္ကန္ကန္ ေရးသားႏုိင္မွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

ဥပမာ- ေမာင္ေမာင္သည္(subject)+ သူရဲ့ သူငယ္ခ်င္းေတြနဲ့ 

အတူ(object)+မေန့က(time) ေက်ာင္းကုိ(preposition) ကားျဖင့္(manner)+ 

စာ ေလ့လာ၇န္(purpose)+ သြားခဲ့ၾကသည္။(verb) ဆုိပါစုိ့

ဒီေနရာမွာေတာ့ verb ကုိၾကည့္ရမယ္  ျပီးခဲ့တဲ့အရာကုိ ေျပာတဲ့အတြက္ past tense 

ကုိသုံးျပီး ေ၇းသားရမွာ ျဖစ္ပါတယ္..

Mg mg went with his friends to school by bus to study lesson yesterday.(အခ်ိန္ကာလ 

ကုိေတာ့ စာေၾကာင္းေနာက္ဆုံးမွာ ေရးလွ်င္ ပုိေကာင္းပါသည္…။ (went to study 

lesson) ေရးလွ်င္လည္ မွန္ပါသည္။ object ႏွစ္ခု ျဖစ္ေနတာေတြကုိေတာ့ ဘယ္လုိ ခြဲျခားျပီး 

သုံးရမယ္ဆုိတာကုိေတာ့…ေနာက္ပုိင္း ေတြမွာ ကၽြန္ေတာ္ သိသေလာက္ တင္သြားပါမည္….။ 

မွားတာေလးေတြ ရွိခဲ့ရင္ အမွန္ ျပင္ေပးႏုိင္ပါတယ္…။

Posted in: ဗဟုသုတေလးမ်ား